The many faces of Mars.

نویسنده

  • Philip R Christensen
چکیده

SUNRISE OVER AR ABIA TERR A , looking east toward Utopia Planitia: This artist’s reconstruction of orbital images shows the margins of Vastitas Borealis, a vast, low plain where fl oodwaters from ancient channels may have ponded. Toward the center, the sun is casting its fi rst rays on the western rim of the crater Lyot. Many people venture into the desert for its starkness and simplicity, but I go there for its complexity. The rocks of western Arizona, where I work, reveal one of the most tangled histories on Earth. Layers of carbonate limestones, silty mudstones, quartz sand and solidifi ed lava show that within the past 600 million years, this area was a warm, shallow sea, then a muddy swamp, then a vast desert of shimmering hot dunes, then a glacial ice sheet, then a shallow sea once again. Erupting volcanoes formed islands like Japan, which in turn got shoved 100 miles onto the continent along massive faults, tilting the rock layers on edge and cooking them to create marble and quartzite. Uplift and erosion at last produced the desert landscape we see today.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Scientific American

دوره 293 1  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2005